Organ which secretes bile and participates in formation of certain blood proteins.[AAO]

relationship type change: differentiates_from endoderm (AAO:0000139) CHANGED TO: develops_from endoderm (UBERON:0000925)[AAO]

All vertebrates possess a liver (reference 1); Later in craniate evolution, an anterior gill arch was transformed into jaws, and many new types of feeding subsequently evolved.(...) A liver evolved that, among its many functions, stores considerable energy as glycogen or lipid (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]

hepatic

The liver is found in all vertebrates, and is typically the largest visceral organ. Its form varies considerably in different species, and is largely determined by the shape and arrangement of the surrounding organs. Nonetheless, in most species it is divided into right and left lobes; exceptions to this general rule include snakes, where the shape of the body necessitates a simple cigar-like form. The internal structure of the liver is broadly similar in all vertebrates., An organ sometimes referred to as a liver is found associated with the digestive tract of the primitive chordate Amphioxus. However, this is an enzyme secreting gland, not a metabolic organ, and it is unclear how truly homologous it is to the vertebrate liver. The zebrafish liver differs from the mammalian liver in that the hepatocytes are not clearly organized in cords or lobules and the typical portal triads are not apparent. In addition, the zebrafish liver does not have Kuppfer cells. Furthermore, a clear distinction can be made between the male and female liver in the adult zebrafish. The female hepatocytes are very basophilic (Figure 15c) as a result of the production of vitellogenin (Van der Ven et al. 2003).

secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes[GO].

Only ZFA considers this part_of immune system - we weaken this to an overlaps relation, as in general it's only a subset of cells that have clear immune function.

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Leber_Schaf.jpg

jecur, iecur

uberon

UBERON:0002107

Liver

http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606

• intrahepatic bile duct
• liver parenchyma
• hepatic cord

• celiac artery

• liver development

• hepatic vein

• liver morphogenesis

• hepatobiliary system

• hepatogastric ligament
• hepatoduodenal ligament
• hepatic portal system
• hepatic duct

• hepatic immune response

• hepatic artery

• falciform ligament

• hepatic portal vein

• bile

• hepatic portal vein

• liver primordium

• capsule of liver

• hepatic oval stem cell
• hepatic stem cell
• liver blood vessel
• ligament of liver
• intrahepatic bile duct
• lobe of liver
• liver parenchyma
• liver serosa
• liver subserosa
• liver reticuloendothelial system
• liver trabecula
• triangular ligament of liver
• biliary ductule
• hepatic stellate cell
• littoral cell of liver
• liver papillary process
• liver dendritic cell
• hepatocyte
• liver stroma
• capsule of liver
• vasculature of liver
• fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell